Extra Solar Planets Essays - Exoplanetology, Planetary Science

Extra Solar Planets Earths Beyond Earth: The Search for Other Worlds In early 1990, the first extrasolar planet was detected, surprising everyone by its strangeness. More planets have now been discovered outside our solar system than in it. These planets present many great mysteries to the astronomical world. Extrasolar planets are planets that exist outside our solar system; they are orbiting a star other than our Sun. So far, eighteen have been found, all of them defying well-established theories about planets and how they operate (Winters, 46). As Stephen Maran said, "The new discoveries remind us that ignorance is not just bliss, it is also a lack of imagination. The newfound planets show us not only that a solar system is not a rare commodity, but that ours may be plain vanilla." (73) Finding extrasolar planets is both difficult and complicated. The average star, for instance, is one hundred million times brighter than any planet orbiting it (De Grasse Tyson, 87). "Picking out a planet against the glare of a star is like trying to spot a 100-watt light bulb next to a 100-billion-watt searchlight," says Michael Lemonick (54). Also, earth-size planets are too small to have any significant effect on their star, so they are almost impossible to detect (De Grasse Tyson, 88). There is, however , a way to find extrasolar planets without using direct sight: the Doppler Effect. When a star has a planet in its gravitational field, it makes the star appear as if it is "wobbling" by stretching the light waves and slightly changing the star's color (Maran, 75). A second method of finding a planet is to search through a disk of debris surrounding a star, such as Vega. Chances are that a planet will exist there (De Grasse Tyson, 87). Out of the detected planets, only a few have actually been "seen," being found by accident by either the Hubble Space Telescope or the Infrared Space Observatory (Lemonick, 53). In short, planets can only be found in a limited number of ways, and under very specific conditions. In general, most extrasolar planets are alike in that they are all very odd compared to what humans are accustomed. For example, most of them orbit around sun-like stars no further than 100 light years from the Sun. Also, they are gas giants, almost all of them being larger than Jupiter, and have temperatures up to 1800 degrees Fahrenheit (Maran, 74). On the other hand, these planets all have very different orbital patterns; some of them have orbits that are extremely close to the star that they orbit, while others have odd elliptical orbits (Naeye, 45). Either way, almost all of these planets differ significantly from the planets in our solar system. Very little specific information is known about most extrasolar planets, but a few have been researched extensively and found to have interesting characteristics. For instance, 51 Pegasi (all planets being named after their host stars) was the first extrasolar planet found, being discovered by Swiss astronomers Mayar and Queloz. This planet is half the mass of Jupiter (seventy-five times more massive than Mercury), and has the least mass of any of the new planets (Maran, 74). Also, it is 5 million miles from its star, but still manages one orbit in only a little more than four days (Flamsteed, 80). 70 Virginis, another odd planet, is six times the mass of Jupiter, has extreme weather conditions, and orbits elliptically (Lemonick, 53). Likewise, 47 Ursae Majoris has fierce hurricanes, and is also larger than Jupiter. The planet with the most elliptical orbit known to man is 16 Cygni B; it travels from 56 million to 250 million miles of its sun. In contrast, 55 Cancri B is an example of a tight-orbiting planet, circling the sun closer than mercury is to our sun (Maran, 74). In summary, what we know about these planets shows that they are very diverse and strange. Though strangeness may promote curiosity, a major goal in searching for extrasolar planets is to discover one that resembles ours or possibly harbors life. Though strangeness may bring curiosity, the main motive behind finding extrasolar planets is to discover one that resembles ours or possibly harbors life (De Grasse Tyson, 86). "The Holy Grail," says Alan Boss, an Astronomer at Carnegie Institute, "is to find an extrasolar planet that is capable of supporting life" (Lemonick, 56). However, out of the planets discovered so far, none are thought to be compatible with life for various reasons. First, planets that orbit close to their sun are

Start your own business Essays - Kent Hrbek, Target Field

Start your own business Essays - Kent Hrbek, Target Field Start your own business Entrepreneurship Capstone Project Hrbek?s Hideout Sports Bar Jesse Christopher 1711 49th St S Fargo, ND 58103 December 15, 2009 Executive Summary A. Introduction Welcome to Hrbek?s Hideout, Minneapolis, MN?s newest sports bar. With all of the sports arenas in downtown Minneapolis area they can always use a new bar to serve the sports fans in the area. Hrbek?s will use its competitive pricing and location to gain a foothold on the market. To set up a unique experience for its customers, Hrbek?s will have a lot of sports memorabilia and Kent Hrbek as the silent partner. Jesse Christopher will manage the business and everyday operations. Jesse Christopher will graduate with a major in Business Management in May of 2010. While working for 4 years at Legends Night Club Jesse?s experiences as a bartender, bouncer, and assistant manager taught him all of the financial, communication, and human relation skills needed to run a successful bar. B. Trading Area Analysis Hrbek?s Hideout will be located in Minneapolis, MN. Minneapolis is located on the eastern side of the state. The Minneapolis/St Paul area is the home of 2,370,000 people as well as many tourist and sports fans that come to the city on a regular basis. Hrbek?s will be located across the street from the new home of the Twins Target Field. The new Twins stadium will host at least 83 MLB games a year and hold around 40,000 people. Also the nearby Metrodome will host at least 8 Minnesota Vikings games a season with the average attendance of 48,000 people a game. With all of the sporting events in the area there will be plenty of people looking for a good time after the games. C. Customer Analysis The primary target market will be sports fans over the age of 21 years old. With close proximity to Target Field and the Metrodome Hrbek?s will be able to focus their marketing strategies and promotional activities to potential customers. Hrbek?s will emphasize a nearby, convenient location, and a sports fan friendly environment. The secondary target market of Hrbek?s will be the local residents. Since there is not a sports event in the area everyday Hrbek?s will also want to attract a portion of the thousands of residents and workers in the area. All bars/restaurant businesses need their regular patrons that come in to enjoy the friendly experience. Because of the sports arenas in the area Hrbek?s will have over 50 competitors. Hrbek?s will set itself apart by being open from noon-2a.m. everyday as well as offer 2 for 1 drinks all day everyday. Most businesses in that area do not offer specials because there is almost always enough patrons to keep busy. D. Analysis of the Location Hrbek?s Hideout will be operating in an area that currently has multiple bars. Hrbek?s will be located across the street from Target Field and 5 blocks away from the Metrodome. A building will be purchased for around $1 million. It will be located within view of thousands of people going in and coming out of Target Field. E. Proposed Organization Hrbek?s Hideout will be a partnership between Jesse Christopher and Kent Hrbek. Kent will own 60% of the business and be a silent partner. Jesse will own 40% of the business and take care of the everyday operations. The partners created the steps involved in opening the bar. They include the following phases: ?Market research ?Find a Location ?Research Fixed costs ?Research Supplies and equipment manufacturers ?Create a business plan ?Begin Renovation the facility ?Set up agreements with suppliers ?Get equipment for the business ?Get business licenses, liquor licenses, and food permits ?Create a promotional mix for our primary and secondary markets Hrbek?s Hideout will operate with one owner as the manager, an assistant manager, and 4 supervisors. In addition Hrbek?s will have 12 fulltime employees and 10 part time employees. The employees are vital to our business and create a friendly atmosphere. Hrbek?s will train their employees in customer service, efficiency, and how to deal with unruly customers. The employees will also have to go to bartending school. The bar will be open from noon-2 a.m. everyday to accommodate all fans as well as the regular customers. The facility will be approximately 6000 sq feet and have a 350 person maximum capacity. Proposed Marketing/Promotion Plan A. Proposed Product or Service Hrbek?s will be purchasing all

Sustainable Talent Management Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Sustainable Talent Management - Research Paper Example † and recognize their Corporation’s talent pool. The personnel gap scrutiny helps recruiters to be exceedingly capable of delivering applicants that attain the fundamental expertise. This has been pre-established by the requirements of the position and the aims of the Corporation. It as well reveals a venture by the Corporation in the new personnel’s growth and progress, which expands a long-term affiliation of devotion and obligation (Berger & Berger, 2004). This is mutual for both the employee and the Corporation. Lost talent is expensive to restore, counter-productive to Corporation achievement so justifying the dangers linked with certifying job fit, and heartening growth and input are decisive to the achievement of the Corporation – and the worker. Creating a personnel talent management outline, which evaluates the voids amid an employee’s present performance and preferred expertise in that role, is imperative. Next, digging deep to recognize th e voids in talent all through the organization by establishing an organizational talent outline is imperative. Finally, gaining knowledge on how to control technology and compute performance at diverse levels of the firm is the final process. 2.0. Key Concepts and the Talent Review Process When people articulate aspects concerning talent pools they signify jobs, tasks or capabilities in a firm where 20 percent amplification in class or accessibility would formulate the principal difference to executive success. System for the Management of People (SMP) comprising of the talent pool growth course is centered on the notions and codes for an effectual managerial organization and administrative management, denoted to as the ‘obligatory organization’ model. Line directors will be educated in the framework of the execution and roll out of the course in their scopes of responsibility. A number of the key obligatory organization codes and perceptions regarding the talent pool s cheme are: †¢ All workers are an element of the talent pool. †¢ Individual's problem-solving capacities develop via adolescence and into adulthood, in expected patterns. This denotes that each person has an intrinsic prospective for cognitive growth after a while. The talent pool growth course is devised to side with the present and upcoming roles of personages with their personal potential. †¢ Line executives are liable for running talent, with human resources giving aid and support. †¢ The executive and manager-once-eliminated of either precise subsidiary has diverse accountabilities in regards of the current and future helpfulness of the inferiors: o The director, has a training role to make certain the worker is efficient in his/her present role. o The manager-once-eliminated, has a mentoring function to guarantee the subordinate expands to his/her complete potential. †¢ Judgments assumed as an outcome of the talent pool course are traced and moderated a mid directors and their managers-once-eliminated. Once moderated, every worker is given response on his or her growth graph to take the report of personal aspirations. †¢ Career growth plans are evaluated to guarantee these intentions are executed. Implementing the talent pool growth course in reviewing capabilities, moderating decisions and analyzing growth intentions is an annual process. 3.0. Talent Management Objectives to Measure Functional Expertise The aged

Methodology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 4

Methodology - Essay Example ancement of a software called sage; the paper was also published again in 198 although it was agreed that the process did not necessarily have to follow the exact procedure as it was initially made. The putting forward of the waterfall model by Winston was as an example of a model that could not work and the term was only used when talking about software development. One of the reasons that I prefer using this model is because the time that is spent in the initial stages of making the model can lead to greater savings in time and money in future (Carlisle, Wilson, Humphries & Hadfield, 2005, p177). For instance a bug that is detected earlier during the design phase of a software will be cheap and will take less time to fix than one that will be detected at later stages in the development of the software. The main idea behind this model is that the much time spent in the first stages of development reduces efforts later. The people behind the making of this process have to make sure that they are more sure and accurate before getting to the following stage they should also assemble all the necessary requirements needed in all the processes before beginning the entire procedure (Navarro & Hoek, 2005, p27). In this model, the members have to make sure that when they start working it is advisable to work thoroughly without any stops this would prevent some of the information getting lost if left unattended, retrieving of this information may not be very easy and may cost a lot of time (Huo, Verner, Zhu & Babar, 2004, p523). If the team or the members are not familiar with the documents ¦, it is advisable to go through them first before starting the entire project. Most of the waterfall model users prefer this method because it is to use and it progresses in such a way that it is easy to understand each phase due to this reason the model has been widely used at the start of the model in writing software engineering text. Big design up and the waterfall model are most

Examine Electronic Report Cards for HealthCare Essay

Examine Electronic Report Cards for HealthCare - Essay Example The Brigham and Women’s Hospital together with Massachusetts General Hospital have developed an electronic health report card that is used to evaluate the hospitals’ performances based on various factors and measures. The institutions under the umbrella name Partners HealthCare recognize the importance and benefits of electronic medical records (EMRs) over paper-based records.   The organization states that EMRs help in boosting patient safety, improving efficiency and managing chronic diseases (Partners Healthcare1 par 1). Some of the benefits of the electronic records include easy prevention of drug interactions and allergies as noted by Partners Healthcare (par 2). The records also are known to help in the saving of costs as drugs are prescribed by medical officers with cost being a factor in such considerations.One of the measures used by Partners HealthCare is Inpatient quality. According to the organization’s report card which considers inpatient quality, the institution performs exceptionally well in various areas. The organization rates itself as currently holding a high score of 96% in opening blocked arteries within a period of one and half hours (Partners Healthcare2 par 3). This is against a reference point of 90 percent. Furthermore, the organization boasts of having achieved a 99% score in delivering recommended care to patients suffering from heart attack against a similar reference point. Very closely related to the above factor, is the delivery of recommended care to patients with pneumonia.... The records also are known to help in the saving of costs as drugs are prescribed by medical officers with cost being a factor in such considerations. One of the measures used by Partners HealthCare is Inpatient quality. According to the organization’s report card which considers inpatient quality, the institution performs exceptionally well in various areas. The organization rates itself as currently holding a high score of 96% in opening blocked arteries within a period of one and half hours (Partners Healthcare2 par 3). This is against a reference point of 90 percent. Furthermore, the organization boasts of having achieved a 99% score in delivering recommended care to patients suffering from heart attack against a similar reference point. Very closely related to the above factor, is the delivery of recommended care to patients with pneumonia and heart failure with current scores of 96% and 98% respectively (Partners Healthcare2 par 3). The reference points for the two measu res are 95% and 96% respectively. Yet another factor that is considered when it comes to inpatient quality is the delivery of recommended care aimed at avoiding surgical infections. In this respect, Partners HealthCare has a current score of 97% which is at par with the reference point. The organization also boasts of having the capacity to help tobacco users overcome their addiction with a current score of 99% against a similar reference point (Partners Healthcare2 par 3). These are only but a few of the scores recorded by the healthcare institution as it offers a wide variety of services to inpatients. The high scores achieved by the different hospitals in maintaining inpatient quality include the use of modern technology and well trained staff. Patients

Private And Private Sector In Economic Development Economics Essay

Private And Private Sector In Economic Development Economics Essay The private sector is one of the dominant features in developing the country and also regarded as the major engine of growth and seen as the driving force behind employment growth, which is expected to generate increased levels of productive employment to absorb the rapidly growing labor force. Given this strategic importance of the private sector in generating employment opportunities, the sectors role and relevance are examined in detail. After the 6th FYP Plan period (1987-92), the Royal Government of Bhutan (RGoB) has privatized the most of the holdings of public sector enterprises and the liberalization of the Foreign Direct Investment has taken an extensive reforms in the financial sector which include the removal of restriction in foreign exchange on current account payments and transfers; liberalization of interest rate and establishment of stock exchange, also adaptation of legal industrial policies for the long term objective withdrawing from the commercially viable areas of economy. The total GDP growth accelerated to 6.7 percent during 2009 and per capita GDP income was recorded at USD 1,852 (Nu.83.340). In 2010 Bhutans GDP was at Nu. 61,223.5 millions with GDP Per Capita of Nu. 89,639.1 with an increase of Nu 6299 over preceding years despite numerous problem faced by the public and private sector. The public sector growth increases 15.5% in 2001 and decreases drastically to -35.3% in 2003. The reasons for decreasing the growth of public sector were in December 15, 2003 when the Royal Bhutan Army launched a crack-down anti India militants camping almost 12 years in Bhutan. The growth rate of public sector to 41.5% in 2006 was because of the road widening of national highway and many developmental activities. Of total employment 60% are employed in private sector and rest 40% are in public sector. The total 60000 formal sector jobs, it is estimated that 50 percent are held by non-nationals (30000 non-national workers are employed in the private sector). Introduction Bhutan, a small democratic constitutional monarchy has a population of less than 700,000 and being one of the least developed economies in the world is largely agrarian country. After what we called a globalization, the most craving forces to have arisen the history of mankind, Bhutan is facing one of the major challenges in the modern era. The government is trying to privatize the industry and the sector changes from the primarily agrarian to the secondary and tertiary sector. During the 6th Plan period (1987-92), the private sector development was given as the main objective of planned development activities to support private enterprises. Since then, the Royal Government of Bhutan (RGoB) had privatized the most of the holdings of public sector enterprises such as tourism sector, transportation services, and maintenance and road infrastructure. Further it has corporatized airline, telecommunication, media, and postal services. Also the liberalization of the Foreign Direct Investment and had taken an extensive reforms in the financial sector which include the removal of restriction in foreign exchange on current account payments and transfers; liberalization of interest rate and establishment of stock. Throughout the assignment emphasis are given on meaning and role of public and private sector. The indicator of economic development, contribution of public and private sector contribution towards Gross National Product (GNI) of Bhutan, employment generation and some of the constraint faced face by the private and public sector in Bhutan. Definition of private and public sector Private sector Private sectors are those sectors which are owned by the individual or group of people whose benefit are consumed individually, those who are willing to pay and their sole objective as profit maximization. In other words private sectors are those firms and households owned by an individual for the personal benefits of the private individual [every citizen]. (Wilson Clark, p.76). In order to develop private sector though private sector development committee was formed in 2000 and reconstituted in 2009, still the government controls and regulate private sector development, thus due to the excessive regulation and unprotected economy has failed to grow the private sector in economy. (Metha, 2009, p: 11). Public sector The public sector is also a part of an economy of a country that is usually owned by the society and operated for the benefit of the whole country [society as a whole]. The public sector generally consists of federal, state, local and public institutions. Their core interest is about giving the facilities that can enjoy by the general public which are not given by the private sector such as road for the wellbeing of the citizens of the country, (Wilson Clark, p.76). In another terms it is define as an economy of a country where there is no rival in consumption and exclusion from the benefits such as road, school etc. History of private and public sector development in Bhutan The private sector in Bhutan although expanded rapidly over the last four decades yet, it is still relatively small and underdeveloped. During the 6th Plan period (1987-92), the private sector development was given as the main objective of planned development activities to support private enterprises. Since then, the RGoB has privatized the most of the holdings of public sector enterprises such as tourism sector, transportation services, maintenance and road infrastructure. Further it has corporatized airline, telecommunication, media, and postal services. Also the liberalization of the Foreign Direct Investment and had taken an extensive reforms in the financial sector which include the removal of restriction in foreign exchange on current account payments and transfers; liberalization of interest rate and establishment of stock exchange. RGOB also created business friendly environment which ejects private sector development with adaptation of legal industrial policies for the long term objective withdrawing from the commercially viable areas of economy to the provision of basic social and infrastructures facilities. Private sector in Bhutan, its Gross Domestic Product (GDP) share is less than 50 %, as construction sector contributing closely to one-fifth of GDP. But much of the GDP shares are derives from public sector such as hydropower. The total revenue generated over the last five year by the formal private sector it generated between 7% and 10%. And estimated employment in private sector was from 1 to 8% of the total population. In mid-2003, a total of 32,035 licenses were issued for commercial activities. Out of which included 17,725 trade licenses, 9,102 construction contractor licenses, 4,478 service-based licenses and 730 licenses in manufacturing. Based on the number of licensed private sector enterprises, more than 90% of licensed commercial entities are micro and small enterprises, with only limited number of medium-sized enterprises, (RGoB, p;74-75). By the end of the 10th FYP private sector is expected to take up the major commercial activities, remaining government as regulator of private sector and facilitate the development of private sector. (Ministry of Economic Affairs, 2010). Indicators of economic development The Economic indicators for Bhutan are as mentioned below. Literacy Rate The progress, development and growth of any country depend to a large extent on the quality and trained manpower available in different areas. Education contributes its vital inputs in the growth and prosperity of nation; in fact it is a backbone of every nation. Therefore, higher standard of education and literacy rate and the socio economic progress of the country move in parallel for the better understanding and the best development of the country. GDP Per Capita Gross domestic product (GDP) is defined as the total value of output of final goods and services produced within the domestic territory of a given country during the fiscal year. It is obtained through dividing constant price GDP by the total population of the country. According to labor data, Bhutans real GDP growth accelerated to 6.7 percent during 2009 and per capita GDP income was recorded at USD 1,852 (Nu.83.340). In 2010 Bhutans GDP was at Nu. 61,223.5 millions with GDP Per Capita of Nu. 89,639.1 With an increase of Nu 6299 (Bhutan 2010, Data Sheet). Yet if examine the below table 1, the real GDP growth rate in 2005 was 7% and drastically increased to 19.7% in 2007 as the secondary sector rose from 33.7% in 2005 to 43% in 2007 which is almost 10% from the preceding year. Contribution of the tertiary sector towards GDP decreased till 2007 and then increased but the secondary sector reflects the growth over the years which clearly shows an increase or gradual shift in the sector from primary to secondary sector and are mainly due the hydro power and the employment opportunities in the secondary sector. It also indicates the growth of economy of the country. Table; 1 Economic Indicators of the year 2005-2008 sector wise GDP Economic Indicator 2005 2006 2007 2008 GDP in current market price(NU in Million) 35496.9 3957.3 49381.7 54149.9 GDP in current market price(million in US $) 804.9 873.5 1192.8 1244.8 GNI/GNP in current price (million in Nu.) 34956.1 39670.0 49166.2 53010.6 Real GDP growth rate (%) 7.0 6.4 19.7 5.0 Implicit GDP deflator 125.0 130.6 136.6 142.5 Exchange rate (calendar)Nu/Us$ 44.1 45.3 41.4 43.5 Share to GDP by major sector in % Primary 24.0 24.4 20.6 21.2 Secondary 33.7 33.7 43.3 39.1 Tertiary 42.3 41.9 37.1 39.7 Source; National Accounts 2000-2008(2009, p.6) 3. Life Expectancy Life expectancy is one of the indicators of the economic development as the life expectancy and economic development is directly related. Higher the life expectancy means well developed economy of the country. Thus, the economic development includes life expectancy, basic health facilities, or amenities of life. With regards to Bhutan 2010, Data Sheet, the overall life expectancy is 68.9, for male and female life expectancy is 68.4 and 69.4 respectively, so it clearly indicates as an instrumental role in the economic development of a country. 4. Balance of Payment. The balance of payment indicates the growth of economy of a country which the revenue earned is more than the current expenditure, known as positive and vice versa. If the BOP is positive, definitely it brings the economic development and negative slow down the growth. 5. Measures of poverty The measure taken to eradicate the poverty helps economy of a country to grow stronger and is also one of the main objectives of 10th FYP to eradicate poverty below 15% by the end of the FYP. As suggested by the National Statistical Bureau, person should earn about minimum of Nu 1096.94 as their monthly salary in which Nu 867 must be food expenditure and the rest expenditure on other than food. The poverty rate in Bhutan has decreased from 31.7 percent to 23.2 percent in 2004 to 2007. (Poverty Analysis, 2007). The role of Public sector Capital formation The sector also helps in the formation of capital in a way that revenue earned will add to the Gross capital of the country there by increasing the capital formation and indirectly increases the per capita income of an individual. For example, the revenue earned through hydro power will increase the revenue base of the country and also a main revenue contributor in Bhutan. Balance regional development In public sector whose benefits are collectively consumed and there is no rival in consumption, their services like transportation, education, electricity, health facilities are for the general public so there is less regional disparity. Furthermore the balance and equitable development is one of the pillars of Gross National Happiness, a guiding philosophy of development, so there is less disparity. Redistribution of income Most of the employment opportunities are given by the public sector and also increases the marginal propensity to save by the different societies of economy as it provides the social welfare, equal opportunities there by increasing average disposable income minimizing the income disparity between poor and rich. Poverty reduction and living standard Public sector mainly focuses on the social welfare providing basic amenities of life such as rural safe drinking water schemes, public health facilities etc. This increases the life expectancy of people employment opportunities would raises the income of individual in the society. 5 Increase social welfare. The public sector basically focuses for providing the social welfare of the different economy class of people be it rural or urban by providing social services like communication service, transportation, electricity safe drinking water, sanitation etc, thus increasing the social welfare of general public. Contribution of public and private sector towards GDP (GNI) of Bhutan The GDP is also one of the capital formations of the country and are calculated early in the country. The GDP of a country is can be defined as the value of all final goods and services that are produced by normal residents of a country in fiscal year. The table below shows the GDP contribution by major private and public sector in Bhutan. Table No. 2: Gross Domestic Capital Formation at Constant price (Nu. in million). Year Capital formation of private sector Capital formation of public sector Growth rate of private sector Growth rate of Public sector 2000 6785.5 3080.1 0.0 0.0 2001 9802 3556.4 44.5 15.5 2002 11709.2 4095.7 19.5 15.2 2003 14258.2 2647.9 21.8 -35.3 2004 16842.3 3236 18.1 22.2 2005 14904.6 3669.7 -11.5 13.4 2006 13524.1 5193 -9.3 41.5 2007 13235.4 6302.4 -2.1 21.4 2008 14435.3 6729.2 9.1 6.8 2009 18263 7038.2 26.5 4.6 Source: National Accounts Statistics, 2009 The above table 2 represents the gross Domestic capital formation in the year of 2000 to 2009. Keeping base year as 2000, it is calculated the percentage of growth rate of public and private sector. The above table 2 is explained with the help of following graph 1. Graph 1; Growth of capital formation of private and public sector at current prices. The private sector overall growth is highest was in 2001 with44.5% and the negative growth was in 2005 with -11.5%, this negative growth was because of the natural calamities that results in slow down of the private sector. In the above graph the public sector growth increases 15.5% in 2001 and decreases drastically to -35.3% in 2003. The main reasons for decreasing the growth of public sector were in December 15, 2003 when the Royal Bhutan Army launched a crack-down anti India militants camping almost 12 years in Bhutan. The gradual growth rate of public sector to 41.5% in 2006 was because of the road widening of national highway from Paro to Thimphu, Phuntsholing to Thimphu and Samdrup jongkhar to Trashigang. Employment contribution from both sectors The agriculture sector is one of the main sources livelihoods as 79% of total population are dependent on agriculture and are residing in countryside. In 2007 the employment contributed by agriculture was 64.2% out of 7.8% arable land. In the 9th Five Year Plan the total work force is around 60,000 persons out of which 30,000 are non-nationals and majority of them are employed in the construction activities. To create employment opportunities for the increasingly literate workforce in private sector has been Royal government major priority and issue of the Ninth Five Year Plan. (http//:www.org.bt/constructionsector.php). The following table shows the employment contribution made by both sector of the economy in 2010. Table3: The number of persons employed by type of enterprise Sector Number of persons employed Government 49,900 Public corporation 10,500 Private corporation 8500 Armed forces 4900 Private Business 66,000 Agriculture farming 180,200 NGO/INGO 1000 Total 320900 Source: Labor force survey 2010 From the table above we can conclude that almost 60 percent of the total work force is engaged in private sector and remaining 40 percent of the total labor force in public sector. We can also draw that the majority of population (1.80, 200) are engaged in agricultural farming, followed by the private business (66,000) and governments mostly civil servant (49, 900). Difficulties of Private Sectors and public Sectors The major difficulties face by the private and public sector are mainly due to difficult in access to land, skilled labor, tax policies labor shortage, financial system in Bhutan and some of them are listed below: Underdeveloped Infrastructure The lack of infrastructure is the main problem in the promotion of private sector in Bhutan, despite the tremendous construction of infrastructure and expansion of the road network since the inception of the first FYP till date. More than 50 percent of population has excess to motor able road but due to steep terrain within the relatively young and unstable Himalayan mountain range makes the cost of road construction and maintenance very difficult, in subject to frequent landslides especially during the monsoon seasons. Inefficient Human Resources. Despite the differences in opinion, faith, diversity and disparities in working methodologies Bhutan lack in the skill base of human resources and have limited number of technically trained people ( skilled labor) in field which has forced our private sector and public sector in an infant stage, since half of the population are illiterate (59.5%). Lack of entrepreneurial culture and skills Entrepreneurial skills and business knowledge is most important and are fundamental in development of private sector which most of Bhutanese lack in this field since most of the citizens are afraid of taking risk and do not look for long term benefits. Lack of Market Due to lack of advanced technology and machinery the cost of production are high and are difficult to find market outside the country or lack of efficient market to absorb domestically produced goods is problem in Bhutan. Therefore it always has been slowing down economy to progress. Financial in Adequacy Most of the development activities of private and public sector are done through external grants and loans as well as donations. It is very difficult to finance through domestic finance because the profit earned by the public sector are barely enough to make to upgrade the economy activities of the country. Conclusion The development of economy started in 1960s and after the commencement of 1st Five Year Plan Bhutanese economy experienced the considerable achievement of planned economic. Over the last 50 years of planned socio-economic development, it has brought about significant structural changes in the economy progressing towards secondary and tertiary sectors from primary sector including both private and public sector. This structural changes are brought down by the privatization of public sector to the private sector, thus accelerating the average annual growth rate of real Gross Domestic Product (GDP) through an increased of production and tax base contribution by the private sector to the government after 6th Five Year Plan. As developing country, there is less number of capable people to operate private business and organizations which slows down our economic growth due to inefficient performance like lack of efficient human capital, market, infrastructure, financial support and excessive regulation the government. Therefore, it recommended that government and private individual to install new machinery rather than focusing on the old installed machinery. Also giving opportunities to train our human resource outside the country and share their views and ideas. Signing bilateral trade agreement with developing partners will help to overcome problem of market and setting up commercial banks to provide long term loans to the private or the public sector and existing commercial banks to provide loan at affordable interest rate will help in achieving the role private and public sector in economic development of the country. In order to develop private sector government must liberalize the tax, revising the existing policies, plans which will help the private sector to grow and also minimizing the regulation setup by the government.

Television and Parents are Corrupting Our Youth :: Television TV Media

Television and Parents are Corrupting Our Youth What is the first thing people usually do when they first go home? For many, head for the recliner and grab the remote to see what’s on television. It’s a daily routine for most people. Since the invention of television, adverse effects such as obesity and increased violence in the emulation of television acts has been displayed in children. But who is to blame, the Television or the children’s parents’? Many would say that the parents are to blame. Others would blame the television. I blame both. The parents should monitor how much and what their children view on television, but the television invented the v-chip, making the parents think that it’s ok that their kids stayed glued to the television. The v-chip was an invention placed into television sets to allow parents to block out what they don’t think is appropriate for their children to watch (http://www.tvguidelines.org/). The parents then forget to monitor the amounts of television their children watch because they were just worried that their kids might see something naughty. The kids come in after school, grab a bag of cookies and a soda, and they’re set for the rest of the afternoon. Before the parents know what hit them, their children are fat and lazy. They just sit on the couch and practically refuse to move. In my opinion, the television has been one of the reasons that children have become corrupted as well. They are watching all of these different shows and mimicking what they see. For example, a twelve year old boy is watching â€Å"Jackass† unattended. Sure, it is a funny show, but how will their parents react when they find out that their child has been killed by something they copied off of a TV show? Especially one entitled â€Å"Jackass.† Several cases as such have popped up since the show first premiered. In Albuquerque, New Mexico a fifteen year old boy was killed by a car trying to do his own â€Å"jackass† trick (http://www.channelonenews.com/articles/2002/12/20/ap_jackass/.). Though â€Å"Jackass† is still a threat to our youth, I think there is still a larger problem. Due to the rising popularity of video game systems, television has become almost obsolete to our youth. But they still have to hook their Playstation or XBOX to a TV. In turn, they purchase games they saw advertised on a commercial.